Modern Era
Modern Era
The Portuguese began to establish small settlements, which were exemplary of the strategy in the Middle East. Yet even here, the Portuguese struggled to establish them long-term. Time and again, they had to defend themselves against the Ottomans, English, Persians, and Dutch. In 1650 AD, it was the Yaruba dynasty that initially unified Oman and expelled the Portuguese. This dynasty had a significant influence on East Africa, bringing great wealth through the slave trade and trade with India. A civil war, lasting about 25 years and resulting from power struggles, allowed the Persians to reemerge before Ahmad ibn Said successfully pushed them back. Since 1746 and until today, the Said dynasty has ruled with the current ruler Haitham ibn Tariq. In 1798, Great Britain gained influence in Oman through a treaty with the Sultan of Muscat and the East India Company. In 1840, Sultan Said decided to move his seat of government to Zanzibar. Despite British influence, this was a flourishing time in history, but after his death, there were disputes in the succeeding generation, leading to the division of the realm into Oman and Zanzibar in 1856. From that point on, the economy went downhill. Maritime trade collapsed, aided by the opening of the Suez Canal and the advent of steamships. Until 1970, the father of the current Sultan kept his country in isolation.
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Neighboring Countries
Oman is a sultanate on the Arabian Peninsula. The borders of the country extend partially into the sea, but also onto the land. Oman has three direct neighboring states: Saudi Arabia The United Arab Emirates Yemen A country with a calming effect Purely from the Geography perspective, Oman is thus situated in the middle of a powder keg. At the latest with the onset of the Arab Spring and the ongoing conflicts in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, peace in Oman's neighboring countries has largely disappeared. The only exception, which consistently radiates peace and prosperity, is the United Arab Emirat...
Oman’s Landscapes
Oman stands out with its incredible natural diversity, setting itself apart from many other Arab countries. Far from the stereotype of endless desert landscapes, Oman offers a surprising blend of majestic mountains, vast sand dunes, turquoise coastlines, and lush, fertile plains. Spanning over 309,500 square kilometers, the country boasts natural wonders from the towering peaks of the Hajar Mountains to the tropical regions of Dhofar in the south. Oman is especially captivating for independent travelers seeking unique encounters with nature. Northern gems like Jabal Shams, the expansive deser...
Oman in Ancient Times
Muslim Arabs, led by the companion of the Prophet Amr ibn al-As, conquered the region of Oman around 630 AD and made it part of the Caliphate of the Umayyads and Abbasids. They ruled Oman for an extended period from Baghdad and Damascus. This marks the dawn of Islam in Oman. Just a few decades later, the Islamic sect of Ibadism emerged, establishing independent Imamate in the interior around 900 AD. After prolonged power struggles, the authority of the Imams lost influence to the Nabhani dynasty, which managed to reunite Oman around 1180 AD. The Nabhani made Bahla their capital, but were cons...