An oryx antelope standing among tall grass and sand dunes in a desert landscape.

Oryxantelope

Oryxantelope

Written by: Michaela Eckmüller Last updated at: May 21, 2025

The Arabian oryx belongs to the subfamily of horse antelopes and is a distinct genus. Its natural habitat is traditionally found in semi-arid and arid landscapes, such as the Arabian Peninsula. Thus, Oman is also part of its natural habitat. In places where the sun shines year-round and it often exceeds 30 degrees even in winter, the Arabian oryx is native.

Characteristic of both sexes are its very light, almost white coat and its spiral, slightly curved horns. The shoulder or body height is about 80-100 cm, while the horn length usually measures 50-70 cm. Another feature is the dark brown and white markings on its head. The weight of the Arabian oryx is usually below 70 kilograms. The light coat color is an adaptation to its natural habitat, as sunlight and the constant shimmer of heat make them hardly visible. Arabian oryxes require very little water. So little that the moisture from morning dew or the fluids obtained from food are sufficient for them. Fluids can also be obtained not only from plants or leaves but also from the coats of other animals. Typically, these antelopes feed on dry shrubs, buds, leaves, and grasses.

Originally, the Arabian oryx lived throughout the Arabian Peninsula all the way to the Sinai Peninsula. However, this habitat was destroyed due to poaching by both foreign and local people. With the advent of all-terrain vehicles, the last wild oryx was killed in 1972. A conservation program was started in the USA a few years earlier. The government under Sultan Qaboos initiated a reintroduction and acclimatization project in the deserts of Oman.

To this day, Arabian oryxes live in the Jiddat al-Harris region in central Oman. Once, the oryx area was added to the UNESCO World Heritage in 1994, but removed in 2007 due to significant reductions in grazing grounds. Even today, poaching still occurs, but the government has undertaken strong protective measures and enclosed a vast area. Currently, more than 300 antelopes reside in the Jiddat al Harris region. They can be observed at the Arabian Oryx Sanctuary Center. Since the antelopes seek shade and rest during the day, it is advisable to visit during morning or evening twilight to see the animals.

Discover Oman with experts who have called it their home

Your dream holiday, tailor-made by experts.

We don't just know Oman from books, we visit the country several times a year to experience the culture, landscape and people first-hand.

From your first enquiry to your return home, we are there for you personally - by phone, email or WhatsApp, whenever you need us. Our trips are as unique as you are: individually planned and provided with exclusive privileges and high-quality arrangements that will make your trip unforgettable.

You might also like this

Close-up of a tree trunk with peeling bark and twisted branches against a blue sky.

Frankincense Oman

1 min read

It is reported in traditions that camel caravans had to cover more than 100 days' marches to reach their destination Gaza after 3400 kilometers. Frankincense was considered a miraculous remedy of the gods during the times of the Roman Empire and was transported in tonnage. The high demand for frankincense in ritual practices was responsible for the prosperity of the route, as well as the cities and empires it connected, since the 5th century BC....

A person dressed in traditional attire standing at the steps of an ancient architectural structure, viewed through an arched doorway, with warm lighting.

Modern Era

1 min read

The Portuguese began to establish small settlements, which were exemplary of the strategy in the Middle East. Yet even here, the Portuguese struggled to establish them long-term. Time and again, they had to defend themselves against the Ottomans, English, Persians, and Dutch. In 1650 AD, it was the Yaruba dynasty that initially unified Oman and expelled the Portuguese. This dynasty had a significant influence on East Africa, bringing great wealth through the slave trade and trade with India. A civil war, lasting about 25 years and resulting from power struggles, allowed the Persians to reemerg...

Sunset over a fortified city in Oman with a prominent minaret and mountain backdrop.

Oman's Fortresses

6 min read

Oman's impressive fortresses tell tales of times long past, standing as symbols of the country's strategic importance over the centuries. These massive structures served as strongholds against invasions and as protection for trade routes, playing a central role in defending the Sultanate. However, they are not only witnesses to military strength but also expressions of Oman’s rich cultural and architectural traditions. Today, many of these historic fortresses have been restored and are open to visitors, offering a captivating glimpse into the country’s history and allowing travelers to step ba...